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W. A LORENZ. PAPER BAG MACHINE.

Patented Jan. 13,1891.

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W. A. LORENZ. PAPER BAG MACHINE N0. 444,728- .Patente-d Jan. V13, 1891.

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W. A. LORENZ. PAPER BAG MAGHINH.

No. 444,728. Patented Jan. 13, 1891.]

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8 Sheets.--Sheet 6.

(No Model.)

W; LORENZ. PAPER BAG MACHINE.

Patented Jan. 13 1-1891.

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PAPER BAG MACHINE.

No. 444,728. Patented Jan. 13, 1891.

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Patented Jan. 13,1891

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Wi tnesses Ema/1 6% STATES .i'rnnir rrIoE.

\VILLIAM A. LORENZ, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO ALBERT H. XVALKER, TRUSTEE, OF SAME PLACE.

PAPER-BAG MACHlNE.

sPECIFIOATIQN forming part of Letters Patent No. 444,728, dated January 13, 1891.

Serial No. 358,324-- (No model.)

To whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM. A. LORENZ, of Hartford, Connecticut, have invented a new and useful Paper-Bag Machine, of which the following description and claims constitute the specification, and which is illustrated by the accompanying eight sheets of drawings.

This machine manufactures continuous [O tucked paper tubing into paper tubes and then into paper-bagblankswhich have one end folded down into the approximation to a diamond form, which is shown in Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings, and which blanks may be manufactured into square-bottom paper bags by means of machinery shown in Letters Patent of the United States No. 361,951, of April 26, 1887, or by means of other machinery already well known in the art.

This machine differs materially from all previous machines known to me for performing its functions.

Fig. 1 of the drawings is a plan view of this machine in that one of its forms which includes a reciprocating folding bed or carriage. Fig. 2 is a side view of what is shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a view of the left-hand end of what is shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Figs. 4, 5, and 6 are sections on the line a Z) of Fig. 1, showing the retarding and accelerating rolls and showing the blank operated thereon in different positions relative thereto. Fig. 7 is a view of the right-hand end of what is shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Figs. Sand J are ver tical sections on the line '6 j of Fig. 0, and that figure is a plan view of a part of what is shown in Figs. 8 and 9, and these three figures show modifications of the retarding and accelerating rolls, respectively. Fig. 10 is a plan view of a modified form of the side'folding fingers. Fig. 11 is a section on the line 6 fot Fig. 10. Figq12 is a view of certain parts of my invention incorporated with certain parts of such a paper-bag machine as that shown in Letters Patent of the United States No. 417,346, of December 17, 1889. Fig. 13 is a sectional plan view on the lines a d of Fig. 12. Fig. 14 is a view of the lefthand end of what is shown in Fig. 12. Fig. 15 is a plan View of a second modified form of the side-folding fingers. Fig. 16 is a section looking toward the left from the line 9 72. of Fig. 15.

The machine shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,

7, 8, 0, 10, and 11 of the accompanying drawings is mainly identical with the corresponding mechanism shown in said Letters Patent No. 361,951, and the machine shown in Figs. 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16 of the accompanying drawings is mainly identical with the corre- 6o sponding mechanism shown in said Letters Patent No. 417,346. It is not necessary to explain in detail the construction or mode of operation of those parts of mechanism shown in the present drawings which are also shown and explained in one or the other of said Letters Patent. It is enough to describe the new devices shown in the present drawings, and

to show by means of that description and those drawings how those new devices co-op- 7o crate with the old mechanism of the two Letters Patent above mentioned, respectively.

The new parts and devices shown in. the drawings of this application are as follows:

The striker 6]. is provided on its rearward side with two rearward-extending parallel knives 61 and 61 for cutting longitudinal parallel slits in the forward end of the tuckedpaper tube between the inward bends of its inwardly-inclined folds and adjacent to those inward bends, respectively, while the lipknife 60 somewhat altered in form. and is provided with the parallel recesses 60 and 60 for the upward passage of the knives 61 and 61", and while the forward end of the float 58 is made narrow enough to enable the knives 61 and 61 to pass upward 011 its opposite sides.

A pair of retarding-rolls 500 and 501 are placed one above the other, crosswise of the machine, forward of the striker6l, and with the plane of their axes inclined about ten degrees forward from the plane of the axes of the drawing-rolls 36 and 37, which are placed crosswise of the machine rearward of the 5 striker. One of these retarding-rolls maybe provided with a gripper-blade 500 and the other one may be provided with a gripper-recess 500 as shown in Fig. 8, to enable them to more firmlyhold the paper tube against the I00 backward pull of the striker. The shaft of the roll 500 may be provided at opposite ends of that roll with two rolls 500 500 which through a part of their circumferences have larger radii than the roll 500, and elsewhere have shorter radii than it, so as to have the depressed peripheral surfaces 5o0 ,respectively. In this case the shaft of the roll 501 is provided at opposite ends of that roll with the two concentric rolls 500 500 directly under the rolls 500 500, respectively. Vhcn the depressed surfaces of the rolls 500 500 are opposite the rolls 500 500, the roll 500 is in contact with the roll 501, except as the paper tube is held and carried between them; but when the other surfaces of the rolls 500 500 are opposite the rolls 500 500 the roll 500 is lifted thereby from the roll 501, and thus allows the paper to be drawn forward between them.

Apair of accelerating-rolls 502 and 503 are placed one above the other, crosswise of the machine, forward of the retarding-rolls 500 and 50l,and with the plane of their axes parallel to the plane of the axes of those retarding-rolls. Those accelerating-rolls may have the same diameters throughout, as shown in Figs. 2, 4, 5, and 6, or they may be provided with depressed surfaces 502 and 503, as shown in Figs. 8, 9, and 0, which, when they are opposite each other, allow the paper tube to be restrained from moving forward with the revolution of those rolls.

\Vhere the retarding-rolls and accelerating-rolls are not provided with depressed surfaces or with other rolls having such surfaces, the rocksh'aft 50a is placed crosswise of the machine, between the retarding-rolls on one side and the accelerating-rolls on the other, and is rocked by the arm 505, which is worked by the cam 506. The rock-shaft is provided with the arms 507, 508, 509, and 510, and the arms 507 and 500 rise and fall alternately with the arms 50S and 510, so that the arms 507 and 500 intermittently raise the retarding-roll 500, and the arms 508 and 510 intermittently raise the accelerating-roll 502.- Thus the raisings of those rolls alternate po riodically.

The edge-creasing rolls 511 and 512 are splined to the shaft 34, so as to revolve there with and to reciprocate thereon, and they are caused thus toreciprocate by thelevers 513 and 514, the connecting-rod 515, and the cam 516. WVhen the edge-creasing rolls are in the positions shown in Fig. 3, they gently press and somewhat crease the outer bends of the tucked paper tube between their peripheries and the peripheries of the two ends of the roller 36; but when the edge-creasing rolls are carried apart .to their outward positions by the levers 513 and 514, they run idly with the shaft 34 and entirely out of contact with the tucked paper tubing. By properly timing the inward and outward motions of the edge-creasing rolls the outer bends of the tucked paper tube may be creased and left uncreased through alternating reaches of any-desired lengths.

The reciprocating carriage 80 is worked by the cam 548 instead of by a crank. as shown in said Letters Patent No. 361,951, and that change enables me to vary at will the speed of the carriage in the different parts of its stroke, and the presser-plate 08 is worked by the cam 515 on the shaft 81, instead of by a cam-groove in the crank-disk 76 of said Letters Patent No. 361,051, and that change-occasions the addition of the bell-crank lever 516 to the mechanism which operates that presser-plate; but I do not think either of these changes amounts to invention.

The diamond folding mechanism is the most elaborate of the new parts of the machinery shown in the drawings of this application, and therefore requires and receives a more elaborate description, which may be given in the terms of the following paragraph:

The presser-plate 98 presses the tucked paper tube to be operated upon down upon the top of the carriage 80 in the same manner and position as that function is performed by that presser-plate in the machine of said Letters Patent No. 361,951; but the other parts of the present diamond-folding mechanism are quite different from those of said Letters Patcut, and are as follows: The side holders 517 and 518 are rocked with the shafts 519 and 520 and are worked by the sector-pinions 521 and 522, the sector-arms 523 and 524:, the rock-shaft 525, the arm 526, the rod 527, the bell-crank lever 52S and the cam 529. These side holders are located on opposite sides of the tucked paper tube to be operated upon, and when they are to work are rocked forward into the adjacent tucks of that tube and downward upon the lower folds thereof in such a position as that their forward obtuse corners are as far forward of the forward edge of the presser-plate 98 as the tucks of the tube are deep and as that their diagonal edges extend from their obtuse corners backward. toward the points of junction, respectively, of the inner bends of the tucks of the tube and the forward edge of the presser-plate. The outside folding-iingers 530 and 531 are rocked on their pivots 532 and 533 by the arms 53% and the forward edge of the presser-plate 98 ad- Vances toward the inwardly-turned ends of the fingers 530 and 531, those ends are carried together by the cams 536 and 537 into the adjacent-tucks of the paper tube nearly to the inner bends of those tucks. Then as the carriage advances still farther the side holders 517 and 518 hold the lower folds of those tucks down in a horizontal position, while the inner ends of the fingers 530 and 531 are withdrawn from those tucks with such a degree of speed as that their inner ends pass outward approximately at an angle of forty-five degrees over the presser-plate 9'8,

advancing beneath them. That withdrawal operates to fold backward over the forward edge of the presser-plate the upper ply of the tucked paper tube, including those parts thereof which constitute the upper plies of the upper folds of the tucks, and it also opcrates to fold backward a triangular portion of each of the lower plies of the upper folds of the tucks. This folding backward is accomplished against the resistance of the side holders 517 and 518 and results in the production of the inwardly-inclined triangular folds 539 and 540 of the well-known diamond form of a tucked paper-bag blank. 'lheside folds of such a diamond form are folded down by the drop-plate 541. That drop-plate is fixed to the lower end of the arm 54-2, and that arm is rocked with the shaft 543 by the arm 541, the rod 545, the lever 546, and the cam 547. The drop-plate rocks over the longitudinal center of the forward end of the paper-l ag blank, and as the carriage 80 moves forward the rearward end of the drop-plate enters the forward end of the blank and presses the upper ply thereof back against the forward edge of the presser-plate 98, as shown in Fig. 11, and thus co-operates with the side fingers 530 and 531 in folding the up per ply of the blank backward. Then the drop-plate rises to the position shown in Fig. 2, while the blank is withdrawn from beneath it. Thus the forward end of the paper-bag blank 1 is folded into the approximation to a diamond form, (shown in Figs. 1 and 2,) and the work of the mechanism thereof is thus completed. At or near the forward end of the stroke of the carriage 80 the presser-plate 98 is elevated and the side holders 517 and 518 are withdrawn from the bag-blank, and that blank may itself be withdrawn from the machinery shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and may be takeninto the operation of other machinery, and may there be folded and pasted into the form of a square-bottom bag.

The modified apparatus shown in Figs. 10 and 11 differs from the corresponding parts shown in Figs. 1 and 2 only in that the inner ends of the side fingers 530 and 531 are provided with the rollers 530 and 531. Those rollers turn on axes which are placed at right angles to the plane upon which the side fingers 530 and 531 are rocked, and are thus withdrawn from the tucks ot' the paper tube.

The new parts of the mechanism shown in Figs. 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16 consist of such modified forms of the new parts of the diamond-folding mechanism shown in Figs. 1 and 2-as adapt that mechanism to the diamond-folding machinery shown in said Letters Patent No. 417,346. In this case the side fingers 530 and 531 are worked by the cams 536 and 537 on the shaft G and those fingers vibrate horizontally between the full-line positions and the dotted positions shown in that behalf in Fig. 13. The other parts of the mechanism shown in Figs. 12, 13, and 14 are substantially the same the corresponding mechanism shown in said Letters Patent No. 417,346, except that the inside fingers L L and their appurtenances and actuating parts are omitted in my drawings, and except that the fingers M M are so placed and timed by me that they raise and hold up the upper plies of the tucks of the paper tube, so as to give the side fingers 530 and 531 an abundant entrance into those tucks, instead of being so placed and timed as to merely kick upward the outer bends of the upper folds of the tucks, and thus counteract any tendency thereof to sag.

The operation of the fingers 530 and 531 in the machine illustrated in Figs. 12, 13,. and 14 is substantially the same as the above-described operation of those fingers in the machine illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings.

In the machine illustrated in Figs. 12, 13, and 14 the function of the reciprocating carriage 80 of theothermachineis performed bytherevolving carriage or cylinder G, while the function of the presser-plate 98 of the other machine is perform ed by the tu cker-plate P, and the function of the side holders 517 and 518 of the other machine is performed by the side holders g g, and the function of the drop-plate 541 of the other machine is partly performed by the plate 0' and partly by the roller J The modified form of sidefolding fingers shown in Figs. 15 and 16 may be substituted for either of the other forms of those fingers, and consists in providing those fingers with the soft rubber or leather or other equivalent extremities 530 and 531 and in uniting those extremities to the bodies of those fingers by the adjustable clamps 530 and 531 and the adjustable links 530 and 531. Such softrubber extremities are particularly applicable in the machine shown in Figs. 12, 13, and 14-, and their utility consists in the friction with which they pass along the surface of the paper as they are withdrawn from the tucks, and that friction serves to counteract any tendency of the upper ply of the tucks of the paper tube to buckle longitudinallyand bend inward as the fingers are withdrawn.

The general mode of operation of the machine shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 is substantially the same as the corresponding part of the machine shown in said Letters Patent No. 361,951, except that the edgecreasing rolls 511 and 512 are employed to make creased reaches at intervals in the outer bends of the tucked paper tubing, .and except that the changed form of the float 58 and the lip-knife 60 results in a changed form of cut across the tucked paper tubing, and except that the knives o1 and 61 make parallel longitudinal slits in the ends of the tucked paper tubes which are severed from the continuous tucked paper tubing by the striker 61, and except that the slack in the tucked paper tubing, preparatory to the operation of thestriker, which was produced by different means in the machine of said Letters Patent No. 361,951, is produced in the present machine by the fact that the retarding-rolls 500 and 501 are employed and have a less circumferential speed than the drawing-rolls 36 and 37 and are placed with the plane of their axes inclined forward from the plane of the axes of those drawing-rolls, and thus cause the paper tube to bend upward, as shown in Fig. 5, just before the striker does its work, and except that the accelerating-rolls 502 and 503 are employed and have a greater circumferential speed than the drawing-rolls 36 and 37,so as to offset by their rapidity the comparative slowness with which the retarding-rolls 500 and 501 draw the paper through the machine, and except that the diamond-folding mechanism dilfers in construction and mode of operation from the diamend-folding mechanism of the machine of said Letters Patent No. 361,951 in the respects before set forth. It is necessary that the accelerating-rolls shall run idly when the retarding-rolls are operating upon the tucked paper tube, and vice versa. This result is reached when the retarding-rolls are of equal diameter throughout, and when the acceleratingrolls are also of equal diameter throughout, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6, by means of the arms 507 and 509, 508 and 510, which two pairs of arms operate to raise the retarding-roll 500 and the accelerating-roll 502 alternately from contact with the paper, and the same result may be reached without raising those rolls by simply depressing the surface of the periphery of one or both of the retarding-rolls and depressing the surface of one or both of the accelerating-rolls through a part of their respective circumferences or by providing the shafts of the retarding-rolls and the accelerating-rolls with the rolls 500 500 and 500 500, as above described.

It is not essential that the fingers 530 and 531 shall be close to the presser-plate 98 while the latter advances under them, for the shafts 532 and 533 may be slightly inclined toward each other, and in that case the ends of the fingers will slightly rise as they withdraw from the tucks and 'will not fold the paper flat upon the presser-plate 98, though they will stretch the paper from the holders 517 and 518; nor is it essential that the side fingers 530 and 531 asincorporated in the machine shown in Figs. 12, 13, and 14 should vibrate horizontally and therefore at right angles to the tucker-plate P. hen they do vibrate horizontally, as shown in Figs. 12, 13, and 141, they begin their outward motion nearly or quite simultaneously with the first contact of the lower edge of the tucker-plate P with the upper ply of the tucked paper tube. Thereupon their out ward horizontal vibration, combined with the downward pull which the paper undergoes fingers 530 and 531 follow and define in the machine of Figs. 1 and 2; but the fingers 530 and 531 as incorporated in the machine of Figs.'12, 13, and 14: may vibrate diagonally to the motion of the tucker-plate P and still perform substantially the same function that they perform when they vibrate at right angles thereto. In such a case the relative positions of some of the other parts of the machine may be changed to accommodate that diagonal vibration, or those positions may remain unchanged and the function of the fingers 530 and, 531 still be performed, though the working ends of those fingers may not follow the last mentioned diagonal creases throughout their lengths, but will define those creases mainly by producing lines of strain between the junctions of the inner bends of the tucks with the lower edge of the tuckerplate P on the one hand and the places on the other hand which are at or near the outer.

bends of the upper folds of the tucks and where the working ends of the fingers 530 and 531 are shown in Fig. 12 as being in contact with those outer bends; and it is not essential that the side fingers 530 and 531 as incorporated in the machine shown in Figs. 1 and 2 should be pivoted rearward of their work, for they may be pivoted forward of their work if they are so altered in form and movement as-that their ends will approximately traverse and define the diagonal fold which they are represented as traversing and defining in Fig. 1. In this case, as well as in other cases, the working ends of the tingers 530 and 531 may be provided with the rolls 530 and 531, and those rolls may vary in thickness within somewhat wide limits,

and it is best not to make them larger in diameter than they are indicated in Fig. 10; nor is it essential that the presser-plate 98 shall operate to clamp the tucked paper tube down upon the carriage 80 before the side fingers 530 and 531 begin to operate, for the carriage may extend forward far enough to pass under the side holders 517 and 518, and in that case the paper-blank may be held in position by those side holders, and the plate 98 may swing in from above and carry its forward edge into contact with the place of the transverse fold which it defines nearly or quite simultaneously with the beginning of the work of the side fingers 530 and 531.

In the machines shown in Figs..1, 2, 3, 4, 5,

and 6, as in most other machines employing a striker to sever a continuous paper tube into lengths, the striker G1 administers its blow to the paper from below, and therefore the slack which is requiredto be made in the paper preparatory to that blow should take the form of an upward bend of that paper, as shown in Fig. 5. In case the striker is made to administer its blow to the paper from above, the'bend which constitutes the slack should be reversed in position, and in order to reverse it the plane of the axes of the retarding-rolls 500 and 501 must be inclined toward the plane of the axes of the drawing-rolls 3t and 37 instead of contrariwise.

A special utility resides in making the forward end of the float 58 narrow, as shown in Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings, instead of making it Wide, as shown in said Letters Patent No. 361,951, aside from the utility which resides in the combination of that narrow fioat with the lip-knife 60, having its recesses 60 and 60", and with the striker 61, having its knives 61 and 61 That special utility arises from the fact that a wide float like that of said Letters Patent No. 361,951 often causes clogging and stoppage of the machine, which the narrow fioat of the present application can never cause, and that difference is due to the fact that the Wide float, necessarily extends into the thin spaces between the two plies which constitute the upper folds or constitute the lower folds of the tucks of the paper tube, whereas a narrow float is contined to the thick space between the upper and lower plies of the paper tube between the inner bends of the tucks thereof.

Sliding. shoes may be substituted for the revolving edge-creasing rolls 511 nd 512, and such shoes or such rolls may be placed under instead of above the drawing-roll on the opposite side of the paper tube, and the mechanism which works such edge-creasing devices inward and outward, as well as the mechanism which actuates other of the working parts of my machine, may be modified in many ways.

It is essential that the ends of the fingers 530 and 501 shall be rounded so as not to abrade the paper while doing their work thereon; and it is also essential that those fingers shall be so mounted as to vibrate together into the tucks of a tucked paper tube, and then vibrate apart out of those tucks, while they do their work upon the paper. Therefore where those fingers vibrate upon pivots those pivots must be nearly or quite parallel to each other.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination of the pair of oppositely-disposed end-rounded outside fingers 530 and 551, constructed and mounted to vibrate together to enter the tucks of atucked paper tube and then to vibrate apart out of those tucks and to turn the upper folds of those tucks backward as they thus withdraw therefrom, with a pair of oppositely-disposed diagonal holders and with a transverse plate constructed substantially as described and operating to define a transverse line across the tucked paper tube midway between an imaginary line extending from one of said holders to the other and another imaginary line extending from the rounded end of one of said fingers to the rounded end of the other of said fingers when those fingers are at the outermost contact with the tucked paper tube, all substantially as described.

2. The combination of a folding-bed of a paper-bag machine, a pair of oppositely-dis posed diagonal holders constructed and operating to hold the lower folds of a't'ucked paper tube on a plane or are of that foldingbed, a transverse plate constructed substantially as described and operating to holdall the folds of the tucked paper tube between it and that folding-bed rearward of those holders, and the pair of oppositely-disposed end-rounded outside fingers 530 and 531, constructed and mounted to vibrate together to enter the tucks of the tucked paper tube and then to vibrate apart out of those tucks and to turn the upper folds of those tucks as they thus withdraw therefrom backward over the transverse plate, all substantially as described.

3. The combination of a folding-bed of a paper-bag machine, a pair of oppositely'disposed diagonal holders constructed and operating to hold the lower folds of a tucked paper tube on a plane or are of that foldingbed, a transverse plate constructed substan tially as described and operating to hold all the folds of the tucked paper tube between it and that folding-bed rearward of those holders, the pair of oppositely-disposed endrounded outside fingers 530 and 5.31, constructed and mounted to vibrate together to enter the tucks of a tucked paper tube and then to vibrate apart out of those tucks and to turn the upper folds of those tucks as they thus withdraw therefrom backward over the transverse plate, and the central longitudinal plate 541, constructed and operating to hold and fold the box-like form thus produced down into a diamond form, all substantially as described.

4. A pair of outside folding-fingers530 and 531, provided with soft-rubber adjustable ends 530 and 531*, substantially as described.

5. The combination of the float 58, constructed narrower throughout its length than the space between the inner bends of the tucks of the tucked paper tubing which is continuously drawn over the float, the lipknife 60, having that part of its cutting-edge which is opposite the cutting-edge of the float on a transverse line rearward of the other parts of its transverse cutting-edge, and the striker 61, all combined and operating together to sever continuous tucked paper tubing into lengths on lines mainlv coincident with the cutting-edges of the lip-knife, but partly coincident with the cutting-edge of the float, all substantially as described.

6. The combination of the float 58, constructed substantially as described, the lipknife 60, provided with the recesses 60 and 60 and the striker (51, provided with the knives 61 and 61 all constructed and operating together substantially as described.

7. The combination of the lip-knife 60, provided with the recesses 60 and 60", and the striker 61, provided with the knives 61 and 61*, so constructed and operating together as that slits are cut in the ends of the paper tube by the same motion Which separates one paper "tube from another, all substantially as described.

8. The combination of a pair of retardingrolls having a comparatively slow speed for the temporary retardation of the paper running through the machine with a pair of ac celerating-rolls having" comparatively high speed for the subsequent compensatory acceleration of the speed with which the paper runs through the machine, all substantially as described.

, 9. The combination of a pair of retardingrolls having a comparatively slow speed for the temporary retardation of the paper running through the machine and adapted to press that paper between them and release it at intervals with a pair of accelerating-rolls having a comparatively high speed for the subsequent compensatory acceleration of the speed with which the paper .runs through the machine and adapted to press the paper between them and release it at intervals alternating with the intervals at which the retarding-rolls thus press and release the paper, all substantially as described.

10. The combination of a rock-shaft worked by an arm and a cam and provided with two pairs of oppositely-extending arms with a retarding-roll and an accelerating-roll so adjusted to those pairs of arms, respectively, as to be alternately raised and lowered by them, all substantially as described.

WILLIAM A. LORENZ.

Witnesses:

ALBERT H. WALKER, v PHCEBE A. PHELPS. 

